The Pemba Channel comes from great depths as it approaches the straits that separate Pemba Island from mainland Africa. This narrow zone concentrates the nutrients which, in turn, fuel the growth of the reefs that line the channel. Visually, the west coast of Pemba is stunning, fringed with a number of exquisite little islands, coves and bays that lead to a spectacular coral cliff over 300m deep.
The Pemba Sea Cliffs have a “top” formed by a shallow coral platform that is often only a few metres from the shore. The clear blue water gives way to the turquoise sea in the shallows between the shore and the edge of the cliff.
Manta rays and whale sharks are likely to be encountered from October to April, when they enter the channel to feed.
Humpback whales can be heard on their northward migration in August and early September, and you might be lucky enough to see one. A pod of around four hundred resident dolphins that inhabit the west coast of Pemba is often encountered, although divers see bottlenose dolphins from the Indian Ocean more frequently, as they are slower, more docile, and more likely to interact.
The shallower waters of coastal dive sites are home to smaller tropical fish, including the rare and endemic chromis.
Visibility can vary from a fabulous 60 metres or more to reduced visibility when the water is richer in nutrients, thus attracting the larger plankton feeders. Visibility is generally excellent and predictable from July to November.
The topography of the Pemba reefs also makes snorkelling a great option. The upper edge of the cliff is usually covered with a thick layer of coral, which then gives way to beautiful sea fans and sponges that cling precariously to the wall. These colourful coral gardens serve as a backdrop for various species. Schools of barracudas, mackerel, king mackerel, tuna and black trevally are sometimes observed hunting in these reefs.
From July to March, diving conditions are generally excellent with little precipitation and water temperatures reaching 25-26°C. Some dives done in Pemba are drift dives on the east side, and, therefore, suitable for more experienced divers, but there are a whole host of sites available for new divers looking to expand their experience on the north and west coasts of the island.
